Allows for faster and more exact conflict handling, deals with possible scenarios of reattaching invalid transactions. Will allow the protocol to support colored coins in the future.

By adding support for a second signature scheme, the IOTA protocol will support reusable addresses.

Move from the current trinary bundle construct and use simpler atomic binary transactions instead. This will reduce validation requirements, network overhead and maintainability of node software.

A simpler, conflict-ignoring approach that allows for faster and more efficient tip selection, eliminates certain attacks and significantly reduces the need for reattachments.

Allows node software to find neighbors automatically.

Improves the performance of the tip selection algorithm, allowing nodes to find tip transactions faster.

Leads to the network being able to confirm more transactions per second.